新视野大学英语下载 新视野大学英语复习资料

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新视野大学英语复习资料

Ⅰ.Vocabulary(词汇：选择一个合适的词语并以适当形式填入相应的句子中，每个词只能使用一次)

1.Thiscontroversialbookwasbothpraisedandcriticized,butwhetheritwasreadbyartistsIleavetofurtherresearch.

5.Themeltingofthepolaricecapsandtheensuingriseinthesealevelareonlythemostcommonly_awkward

2.Aresearchteamhasfoundthatincreased_exposure_______tosunlightmaydecreasetheriskofbreastcancer.

3.Idon’tthinkit__advisable_____thatTimbeassignedthejobsincehehasnoexperience.

4.Peopleheavebeenmobilizedtobuilddefensesanddrainfloodedlandasheavyrainscontinuetofall.

II.Cloze(完形填空：每题选择一个最佳选项)

AgesixtyisusuallyconsideredthattheB1linebetweenmiddleandoldage.ItisthetimewhereyouareB2anelderly,meaningsomewhatoldoradvancedbeyondmiddleage.PeriodofdeclinecomespartlyfromC3andpartlypsychologicalfactors.Thephysicalcauseofdeclineisachangeinthebodycellsduetotheeffectsoftheagingprocess.ThepsychologicalcauseofdeclinehassomethingC4unfavorableattitudestowardoneself,otherpeople,workandlifeingeneral.Senility(衰老),amoreorlesscompletephysicalbreakdown,willtakeplacewhenthereismentaldisorganization.Theinpidualbecomescareless,absent-minded,sociallywithdrawn,andD5adjusted.

Duetotheunfavorablesocialattitudestowardtheelderly,treatmenttowardtheminAmerica,D6othercultures,makethemfeelnolongerusefulandunwanted.PeoplewhocomefromcountrieswhererespecttheelderlyiscustomaryusuallytreatelderpeoplewithmoreA7andrespect.

Infact,oldpeopleareatreasureofexperiencetosociety.ItisexpectedthatoldpeoplewillplayanincreasinglyactiveB8insocialandcommunityaffairs.Becauseofthereductioninthenumbersofrolestheelderlyareabletoplay,itisverylikelythattheywilldevelopafeelingofC9.Itisourdutytomakethembetterrealizetheirvalueandhelpthemleadalifeofcomfort.

1.A.changingB.pidingC.surprisingD.combing

2.A.referredB.consideredC.adaptedD.praised

3.A.mentalB.chemicalC.physicalD.medical

4.A.tomeetwithB.tostartwithC.todowithD.todealwith

5.A.successfullyB.essentiallyC.promptlyD.poorly

6.A.dislikeB.alikeC.likingD.unlike

7.A.considerationB.conventionC.contributionD.imagination

8.A.effectB.roleC.impactD.affect

9.A.superiorB.superiorityC.inferiorityD.inferior

Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension(阅读理解：每题选择一个最佳选项)

FormostthinkerssincetheGreekphilosophers,itwasself-evidentthatthereissomethingcalledhumannature,somethingthatconstitutestheessenceofman.Therewerevariousviewsaboutwhatconstitutesit,buttherewasagreementthatsuchanessenceexists--thatistosay,thatthereissomethingbyvirtueofwhichmanisman.Thusmanwasdefinedasarationalbeing,asasocialanimal,ananimalthatcanmaketools,orasymbol-makinganimal.Morerecently,thistraditionalviewhasbeguntobequestioned.Onereasonforthischangewastheincreasingemphasisgiventothehistoricalapproachtoman.Anexaminationofthehistoryofhumanitysuggestedthatmaninourepochissodifferentfrommaninprevioustimesthatitseemedunrealistictoassumethatmenineveryagehavehadincommonsomethingthatcanbecalled"humannature."Thehistoricalapproachwasreinforced,particularlyintheUnitedStates,bystudiesinthefieldofculturalanthropology.Thestudyofprimitivepeopleshasdiscoveredsuchapersityofcustoms,values,feelings,andthoughtsthatmanyanthropologistsarrivedattheconceptthatmanisbornasablanksheetofpaperonwhicheachculturewritesitstext.Anotherfactorcontributingtothetendencytodenytheassumptionofafixedhumannaturewasthattheconcepthassooftenbeenabusedasashieldbehindwhichthemostinhumanactsarecommitted.Inthenameofhumannature,forexample,Aristotleandmostthinkersuptotheeighteenthcenturydefendedslavery.Orinordertoprovetherationalityandnecessityofthecapitalistformofsociety,scholarshavetriedtomakeacaseforacquisitiveness,competitiveness,andselfishnessasinnatehumantraits.Popularly,onereferscynicallyto"humannature"inacceptingtheinevitabilityofsuchundesirablehumanbehaviorasgreed,murder,cheatingandlying.Anotherreasonforskepticismabouttheconceptofhumannatureprobablyliesintheinfluenceofevolutionarythinking.Oncemancametobeseenasdevelopingintheprocessofevolution,theideaofasubstancewhichiscontainedinhisessenceseemeduntenable.YetIbelieveitispreciselyfromanevolutionarystandpointthatwecanexpectnewinsightintotheproblemofthenatureofman.1.Thetraditionalviewof"humannature"wasstronglychallengedby__B___.A.theemergenceoftheevolutionarytheoryB.thehistoricalapproachtomanC.newinsightintohumanbehaviorD.thephilosophicalanalysisofslavery2.Accordingtothepassage,anthropologistsbelievethathumanbeings__B___.A.arebornwithperseculturesB.arebornwithoutafixednature

C.havesometraitsincommonD.changetheircharactersastheygrowup3.TheauthormentionedAristotle,agreatancientthinker,inorderto___B__.A.emphasizethathecontributedalottodefiningtheconceptof"humannature"B.showthattheconceptof"humannature"wasusedtojustifysocialevilsC.provethathehadaprofoundinfluenceontheconceptof"humannature"D.supporttheideathatsomehumantraitsareacquired4.Theword"skepticism"(Line1)inthelastparagraphofthepassagemostprobablymeans__D___.

A.pessimismB.imaginationC.optimismD.suspicion5.MostphilosophersbelievedthathumannatureD.A.consistsofcompetitivenessandselfishness

B.issomethingpartlyinnateandpartlyacquiredC.consistsofrationalityandundesirablebehavior

D.isthequalitydistinguishingmanfromotheranimals

Sportsandgamesmakeourbodiesstrong,preventusfromgettingtoofat,andkeepushealthy.Butthesearenottheironlyuse.Theygiveusvaluablepracticeinmakingeyes,brainandmusclesworktogether.Intennis,oureyesseetheballcoming,judgeitsspeedanddirectionandpassthisinformationontothebrain.Thebrainthenhastodecidewhattodo,andtosenditsorderstothemusclesofthearms,legs,andsoon,sothattheballismetandhitbackwhereitoughttogo.Allthismusthappenwithverygreatspeed,andonlythosewhohavehadalotofpracticeattenniscancarryoutthiscomplicatedchainofeventssuccessfully.Forthosewhoworkwiththeirbrainsmostoftheday,thepracticeofsuchskillsisespeciallyuseful.Sportsandgamesarealsoveryusefulforcharactertraining.Intheirlessonsatschool,boysandgirlsmaylearnaboutsuchvirtuesasunselfishness,courage,disciplineandloveofone'scountry;butwhatislearnedinbookscannothavethesamedeepeffectonachild'scharacteraswhatislearnedbyexperience.Theordinaryday-schoolcannotgivemuchpracticaltraininginliving,becausemostofthepupil'stimeisspentinclasses,studyinglessons.Soitiswhatthepupilsdointheirsparetimethatreallypreparesthemtotaketheirplaceinsocietyascitizenswhentheygrowup.Ifeachofthemlearnstoworkforhisteamandnotforhimselfonthefootballfield,hewilllaterfinditnaturaltoworkforthegoodofhiscountryinsteadofonlyforhisownbenefit.

1.Whenweplaytenniswehaveto____B_____.A.use,first,oureyes,thenthebrainandfinallythemusclesB.makeoureyes,brainandmusclesworkalmostatthesametimeC.usemainlythearmsandlegstohitD.usemainlythemusclessothattheballismetandhitback

2.The"complicatedchainofevents"refersto_____C____.A.thepassingofinformationandmakingofdecisionsB.themeetingandhittingbackoftheballC.thecoordinated(协调的)movementsofoureyes,brainandmusclesD.alotofpracticebeforeplayingtennis

3.Bycharacter-training,theauthormeansthatsportsandgamescanhelpchildren___C______.A.liveabetterlifewhentheygrowup

B.understandbetterthevirtuestheylearninbooks

C.knowbetterhowtobehaveproperlyintheirfuturelife

4.Accordingtotheauthor,achild'scharactercanbemostdeeplyinfluencedby____A_____.A.whathedoesoutofclassB.whathelearnsinbooksC.hisplaceinsocietyD.hislessonsatschool

5.WhatisofthegreatestimportancetoafootballteamisB.A.itsmembersB.itsteamworkC.thefootballfieldD.theclimate

Ⅳ.Translation(翻译)

1.这所学校把为学生做好人生准备当作其职责，办法是倡导一整套能使所有学生受益的道德标准。

Thisschoolseesitselfaspreparingkidsforawayoflife,bycultivatingacomprehensivesetofprinciplesthatcanaffectallkids.

2.对于一个想找工作的学生来说，有没有硕士学位的确很有影响。

Asastudenthuntingforajob,whetherhavingamasterdegreeornotreallymakesagreatdifferenceonthem.

3.现在需要面对的事情是如何筹集创建公司所需的资金。

Thepresentthingtoreckonwithishowtocollectthefundsneededtobuildthefirm.

Theearthquakeiscommonanddangerous,andwhatcanwedoandhowtoprepareforit.

请用英语词句列举有关地震的预防措施（至少三点）

1.tobuildstrongbuildingstructuretowithstandthepowerofearthquake;

2.preparedailysuppliers,suchaswater,food,warmclothingandsoon;

3.arrangeearthquakeemergencyplansandcommunicatethefamilymembers;

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